So if it's possible to access this, and people are at high risk of infection, that's something that's helpful,” said Orkin. “The smallpox vaccine can prevent monkeypox in 86% of cases if someone has been exposed and it's given within the first four days and it can potentially prevent contraction of the disease. In New York, which is a hotspot for monkeypox transmission, the vaccine is being offered to anyone who has been exposed to the virus in the past two weeks and those at high risk of exposure, including members of the gay, bisexual, transgender, and gender non-conforming community who have engaged in intimate or skin-to-skin contact with others in the past 14 days. Vaccination efforts are underway in some places to provide protection to people at high risk. because that's not the case,” said Orkin. But it is also equally important not to make people think this is a disease that can only be contracted by gay and bisexual men. And it's important to make that clear so that gay and bisexual men are aware of the options in terms of vaccination or treatment if needed. “This is a disease that's currently mostly spreading through sexual networks in gay and bisexual men. Orkin explains that although the outbreak originated in sexual networks involving gay and bisexual men, anybody can get monkeypox and it is now infecting others not in these networks. But growing numbers of cases in women and even children are now being reported. There have been headlines and even misleading public health messaging suggesting that only men who have sex with men are at risk of monkeypox. So certainly, in our case series, this was the population that we saw,” said Orkin.

“Within our case series, it was exclusively men, and there were just 10 people who described themselves as heterosexual and everybody else described themselves as gay or bisexual men who have sex with men.

Sexual activity was thought to be responsible for transmission in 95% of cases. The researchers found that 98% of infected people in the study were gay or bisexual men, with three-quarters being white. Some have had to be admitted to hospital,” said Orkin. “In some cases, these symptoms have been so severe that people have been unable to swallow unable to go to the toilet and have needed pain relief. Some examples of skin lesions found in people with monkeypox.

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